Genetic Drift Simulator
Simulate random genetic drift in finite populations to understand how allele frequencies change by chance over generations.
Drift Simulation Results
0
Fixation (p=1)
0
Loss (p=0)
5
Polymorphic
0.3980
Mean Final Freq
0.5000
Initial Heterozygosity
0.3892
Expected Final Het
0.0554
Theoretical Variance
0.0181
Observed Variance
Trajectory Summary (Final Frequencies)
Sim 1: 0.395
Sim 2: 0.330
Sim 3: 0.340
Sim 4: 0.655
Sim 5: 0.270
About Genetic Drift
Genetic drift is random change in allele frequencies due to sampling effects in finite populations. The rate of drift is inversely proportional to population size (N). Expected heterozygosity decays as H(t) = H(0) × (1 - 1/2N)^t. Smaller populations experience faster drift and more rapid loss of genetic variation.