Donnan Equilibrium Calculator
Calculate ion distribution across membranes with non-diffusible charged species
Non-Diffusible Species (Inside)
Assuming 1:1 electrolyte (e.g., NaCl)
About Donnan Equilibrium
The Donnan equilibrium occurs when charged macromolecules (proteins, DNA, polyelectrolytes) cannot cross a semipermeable membrane while small ions can. This leads to unequal distribution of permeable ions.
Applications: Cell physiology, dialysis, gel swelling, ion exchange membranes, and colloidal systems.