Bulk Modulus Calculator
Calculate bulk modulus from pressure and volume change. Measure a material's resistance to uniform compression.
Input Values
100.00 MPa = 0.1000 GPa
1000.00 liters
1.0000 liters (compression is positive)
Bulk Modulus
100.0000 GPa
1.0000e+11 Pa
Formula Used:
K = -V₀ × (ΔP / ΔV) = P / (ΔV/V₀)
β = 1 / K (compressibility)
Common Material Values:
What is Bulk Modulus?
Bulk modulus (K) measures a material's resistance to uniform compression. When a uniform pressure is applied to all surfaces of an object, the bulk modulus determines how much the volume changes. A higher bulk modulus indicates a less compressible material. It is the three-dimensional equivalent of Young's modulus, which applies to one-dimensional (uniaxial) stress. The reciprocal of bulk modulus is called compressibility (β).
Bulk Modulus Relationships
Basic Formula
K = -V(dP/dV)
Negative sign because volume decreases under pressure
Relation to E and G
K = E / 3(1-2ν)
Where: E = Young's modulus, ν = Poisson's ratio