Pair Production Calculator

Calculate electron-positron pair production from high-energy gamma photons

Pair production requires a minimum photon energy of 1.022 MeV (twice the electron rest mass). The process must occur near a nucleus to conserve momentum.

Physics of Pair Production

  • Threshold: E ≥ 2m_e c² = 1.022 MeV
  • Creates electron (e⁻) and positron (e⁺)
  • Requires nucleus for momentum conservation
  • Excess energy becomes kinetic energy

Formulas Used

Threshold: E_min = 2m_e c² = 1.022 MeV

Kinetic Energy: KE = E_photon - 2m_e c²

Lorentz factor: γ = E_total / m_e c²