Seebeck Effect Calculator
Calculate thermoelectric voltage and power generation
Power Generation (optional)
About the Seebeck Effect
The Seebeck effect generates voltage from a temperature difference in a conductor. It's the basis for thermocouples and thermoelectric generators.
Key Formulas:
- V = S × ΔT (Seebeck voltage)
- Q = S × T × I (Peltier heat)
- ZT = S²σT/κ (figure of merit)
- η = ηCarnot × (√(1+ZT)-1)/(√(1+ZT)+Tc/Th)
Applications:
- Thermocouples for temperature measurement
- Waste heat recovery
- Spacecraft power (RTGs)
- Peltier coolers (reverse operation)
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Editorial Note
MyCalcBuddy Editorial Team
This page is maintained as an educational calculator reference.
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Formula Source: University Physics
by Young & Freedman
🔄Last reviewed: May 2026
✓Formula checks are based on standard references and internal QA review.