Bond Angle Calculator
Calculate bond angles based on hybridization, geometry, and lone pair repulsion effects.
Bond Angle Parameters
Lone pairs compress bond angles
Common Bond Angles
H₂O: 104.5°
NH₃: 107°
CH₄: 109.5°
CO₂: 180°
BF₃: 120°
SF₆: 90°
Bond Angle
109.50°
Tetrahedral
Angle in Radians
1.9111
Hybridization
sp3
cos(θ)
-0.3338
sin(θ)
0.9426
Example Molecules
CH₄, NH₄⁺, SiH₄
Understanding Bond Angles
Bond angles are determined by the hybridization of the central atom and are affected by lone pair repulsion. Lone pairs occupy more space than bonding pairs, causing bond angles to be slightly smaller than the ideal values predicted by VSEPR theory. For example, water has a bond angle of 104.5° instead of the tetrahedral 109.5° due to its two lone pairs.