Dopant Concentration Calculator

Calculate dopant concentration and resistivity for semiconductors

About Semiconductor Doping

Doping adds impurity atoms to semiconductors to control carrier concentration. n-type doping (donors) adds electrons, while p-type doping (acceptors) adds holes.

Key Relationships:

  • σ = neμ → ρ = 1/(neμ)
  • EF - Ei = kT ln(n/ni)
  • np = ni² (mass action law)
  • LD = √(εkT/e²n) (Debye length)

Resistivity Ranges:

  • Heavily doped: < 0.01 Ω·cm
  • Moderately doped: 0.1 - 10 Ω·cm
  • Lightly doped: > 100 Ω·cm
  • Intrinsic Si: ~230,000 Ω·cm